These findings are the first hints of the origin of the Sun and Earth in the vast and wondrous chronology of the cosmos.īefore the Hubble telescope was launched, there was plenty of room for conjecture and theoretical modeling about how galaxies must have evolved if the universe was born in the big bang. Sixty years after Edwin Hubble's discovery, his namesake, the Hubble Space Telescope, clearly revealed galaxies as time capsules that chronicle the evolution of the universe-from the birth of the first stars to the buildup of immense galaxy clusters (groupings of hundreds or thousands of galaxies bound together by gravity). Did galaxies morph from one shape into another over time? He also described them as the "markers of space," because their apparent recession velocities were evidence the universe was expanding in all directions. A century ago Edwin Hubble first discovered that galaxies were actually other so-called "island universes," distributed far beyond our Milky Way in all directions.Įdwin Hubble cataloged galaxy shapes: spiral, elliptical, and irregular, and pondered if there was an evolutionary link. Today, we know that galaxies are the basic building block of the universe: island cities of stars. They are selected from a catalog of 92 new clusters uncovered during a six-year Hubble observing program known as the Medium Deep Survey. Background These are Hubble snapshots of huge galaxy clusters that lie far away and far back in time. From the early 1990s to the present, it has allowed astronomers to leapfrog across the universe to unveil an undiscovered country where galaxies evolved from smaller and more primitive assemblages of stars. The Hubble Space Telescope opened up a new, far frontier in probing the universe. Four Successful Women Behind the Hubble Space Telescope's Achievements.Characterizing Planets Around Other Stars.Measuring the Universe's Expansion Rate.
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